confused with 4 affixes. please describe and give examples! salamat!
My mom speaks some verbs with affixes that I get confused about and not know when to use them during which situation. The affixes are: -a vs. -i and -on vs. -an Some examples that she says are: Tabangi, tawagi, butangi, tubaga, hinaya, tudloi, guniti, dugaya... you get the picture. It's those affixes at the end that confuse me. When do I use "-a" or "-i" at the end? What is the rule? What's the aspect if any? I understand that these express a form of imperativeness but I am confused on when to use what, how to use them, or if certain verbs only take a specific one or both. As for the the other 2, "-on" and "-an" how I distinguish is by relating to Tagalog with "-in" which is like the Cebuano "-on". When do you use "-on"? How do you use "-on"? What's the condition or aspect or whatever you call it? Thanks mucho!
Goal Focus
Goal Focus
Imperative/subjunctive
It would be easier to understand if you refer to the table above. This constuction is often called passives as it roughly translates to English passive construction.
-a vs. -i
The disctinction between these two affixes is the completion on the verb. Affix -i means that the action should NOT affect the entire object. While -a should be understood as the whole object or action should be complete.
examples;
kaona nang pan.
Eat that bread. (It means consume all the bread).
kaoni nang pan.
eat a portion of that bread. (Do not eat all the bread).
tabangi nang bata.
help that child.
tabanga nang bata.
resuccisitate that child. (This example is not common but it illustrates the expediency and completeness of the imperative.)
-on vs. -an
The difference of these two affixes is who is doing the action.
The affix -on most of the time maps to the Tagalog affix -in.