| soil | | |
| n. (state) | 1. dirt, filth, grease, grime, grunge, soil, stain | the state of being covered with unclean things. |
| ~ dirtiness, uncleanness | the state of being unsanitary. |
| n. (substance) | 2. dirt, soil | the part of the earth's surface consisting of humus and disintegrated rock. |
| ~ marl | a loose and crumbling earthy deposit consisting mainly of calcite or dolomite; used as a fertilizer for soils deficient in lime. |
| ~ regosol | a type of soil consisting of unconsolidated material from freshly deposited alluvium or sand. |
| ~ residual clay, residual soil | the soil that is remaining after the soluble elements have been dissolved. |
| ~ surface soil, topsoil | the layer of soil on the surface. |
| ~ subsoil, undersoil | the layer of soil between the topsoil and bedrock. |
| ~ alluvial soil | a fine-grained fertile soil deposited by water flowing over flood plains or in river beds. |
| ~ bog soil | poorly drained soils on top of peat and under marsh or swamp vegetation. |
| ~ clay | a very fine-grained soil that is plastic when moist but hard when fired. |
| ~ clunch | hardened clay. |
| ~ desert soil, desertic soil | a type of soil that develops in arid climates. |
| ~ earth, ground | the loose soft material that makes up a large part of the land surface.; "they dug into the earth outside the church" |
| ~ caliche, hardpan | crust or layer of hard subsoil encrusted with calcium-carbonate occurring in arid or semiarid regions. |
| ~ fuller's earth | an absorbent soil resembling clay; used in fulling (shrinking and thickening) woolen cloth and as an adsorbent. |
| ~ gilgai soil | soil in the melon holes of Australia. |
| ~ gumbo, gumbo soil | any of various fine-grained silty soils that become waxy and very sticky mud when saturated with water. |
| ~ humus | partially decomposed organic matter; the organic component of soil. |
| ~ indurated clay | hardened clay. |
| ~ indian red | a red soil containing ferric oxide; often used as a pigment. |
| ~ laterite | a red soil produced by rock decay; contains insoluble deposits of ferric and aluminum oxides. |
| ~ loam | a rich soil consisting of a mixture of sand and clay and decaying organic materials. |
| ~ loess | a fine-grained unstratified accumulation of clay and silt deposited by the wind. |
| ~ mould, mold | loose soil rich in organic matter. |
| ~ mud, clay | water soaked soil; soft wet earth. |
| ~ bole | a soft oily clay used as a pigment (especially a reddish brown pigment). |
| ~ podsol, podsol soil, podsolic soil, podzol, podzol soil | a soil that develops in temperate to cold moist climates under coniferous or heath vegetation; an organic mat over a grey leached layer. |
| ~ prairie soil | a type of soil occurring under grasses in temperate climates. |
| ~ sand | a loose material consisting of grains of rock or coral. |
| ~ sedimentary clay | clay soil formed by sedimentary deposits. |
| ~ silt | mud or clay or small rocks deposited by a river or lake. |
| ~ boulder clay, till | unstratified soil deposited by a glacier; consists of sand and clay and gravel and boulders mixed together. |
| ~ tundra soil | a black mucky soil with a frozen subsoil that is characteristic of Arctic and subarctic regions. |
| ~ wiesenboden | a dark meadow soil rich in organic material; developed through poor drainage in humid grassy or sedge regions. |
| n. (object) | 3. ground, land, soil | material in the top layer of the surface of the earth in which plants can grow (especially with reference to its quality or use).; "the land had never been plowed"; "good agricultural soil" |
| ~ object, physical object | a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow.; "it was full of rackets, balls and other objects" |
| ~ badlands | deeply eroded barren land. |
| ~ bottomland, bottom | low-lying alluvial land near a river. |
| ~ coastland | land in a coastal area. |
| ~ cultivated land, ploughland, plowland, tillage, tilled land, farmland, tilth | arable land that is worked by plowing and sowing and raising crops. |
| ~ overburden | the surface soil that must be moved away to get at coal seams and mineral deposits. |
| ~ permafrost | ground that is permanently frozen. |
| ~ polder | low-lying land that has been reclaimed and is protected by dikes (especially in the Netherlands). |
| ~ rangeland | land suitable for grazing livestock. |
| ~ scablands | (geology) flat elevated land with poor soil and little vegetation that is scarred by dry channels of glacial origin (especially in eastern Washington). |
| ~ greensward, sod, sward, turf | surface layer of ground containing a mat of grass and grass roots. |
| ~ wetland | a low area where the land is saturated with water. |
| n. (location) | 4. soil, territory | the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state.; "American troops were stationed on Japanese soil" |
| ~ geographic area, geographic region, geographical area, geographical region | a demarcated area of the Earth. |
| v. (contact) | 5. begrime, bemire, colly, dirty, grime, soil | make soiled, filthy, or dirty.; "don't soil your clothes when you play outside!" |
| ~ alter, change, modify | cause to change; make different; cause a transformation.; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue" |
| ~ foul | make unclean.; "foul the water" |
| ~ contaminate, pollute, foul | make impure.; "The industrial wastes polluted the lake" |
| ~ smear | stain by smearing or daubing with a dirty substance. |
| ~ slime | cover or stain with slime.; "The snake slimed his victim" |
| ~ muddy, muddy up | dirty with mud. |
| ~ splash | soil or stain with a splashed liquid. |
| ~ mud, muck up, muck, mire | soil with mud, muck, or mire.; "The child mucked up his shirt while playing ball in the garden" |
| ~ crock | soil with or as with crock. |
| ~ blemish, spot | mar or impair with a flaw.; "her face was blemished" |
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