Aspectual affixes of Cebuano Verbs

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Aspectual affixes of Cebuano Verbs:

  Imperfective  (Begun)   Perfective (Recent)
 Not Begun  Begun  
 ma-  naka-  / nagka-  na-
 mo-  nag-  / ga-  ni- / mi- / hing-
 mag-  nag-  / naga-  nag-
 -an  gina- .. -an  gi- ... -an
 -on  gina-  gi-
 i-  gina-  gi-
 mang-  nang- / nagpang-  nang-

 

 Verbs which have a perfective (recent) aspect denote action or state that has begun and completed. While those on the imperfective (begun) aspect denote or state that either begun but not completed or has not begun at all.

 Examples:

      Matulog ang bata.                       The child will sleep.

      Nakatulog ang bata.                   The child had slept.

      Natulog ang bata.                       The child is sleeping

 

      Mokaon ko.                                   I will eat.

      Nagkaon ko.                                 I am eating.

      Mikaon ko.                                    I had eaten.

 

     Maghulat ko.                                  I will wait.

     Naghulat ko.                                  I am waiting.

     Naghulat ko og usa ka oras.          I waited for an hour.

 

     Hatagan niya.                                 He will give.

     Ginahatagan niya.                          He had been giving.

     Gihatagan niya og kwarta.             He gave him money.

 

     Lung-agon niya.                             He will cook it.

     Ginalung-ag niya.                          He is cooking it.

     Gilung-ag niya.                              He cooked it.

 

     Itaod niya.                                     He will install it.

     Ginataod niya.                               He is installing it.

     Gitaod niya.                                   He installed it.

 

    Manglaba siya.                              She will  go washing.

    Nanglaba siya.                              She is  washing.

    Nanglaba siya gahapon.               She was washing yesterday.

 

 For rough translations you can map the Cebuano aspects to the English tense as:

   Perfective aspect:                   Past tense

   Begun aspect :                       Present  tense

   Not Begun aspect:                  Future tense

 As stated above these are not exact equivalence, if the full nuances of the Cebuano language is desired one has to drop the reference to tenses.

 

Reference:

  Luzares, Casilda E. "Cebuano verb morphology: An application of Case Grammar Part I"

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litogo's picture

Ang dila natong Bisaya

 
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